北京汉石桥湿地自然保护区鸟类多样性

Birds Diversity in Hanshiqiao Wetland Nature Reserve of Beijing

2013年7月至2014年6月,在汉石桥湿地自然保护区通过样线法、样点法等进行鸟类资源调查。调查发现鸟类15目42科88种,其中雀形目43种,占总种数的48.86%。从居留型来看,旅鸟40种,占45.45%。利用Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数对鸟类多样性分析,发现多样性指数春秋季高,夏冬季低。利用G-F指数对鸟类分布生境的分析,发现鸟类多样性林地最高,居民地最低。鸟类居留型的变化验证了鸟类栖息地北移的现象。此外,根据研究结果对汉石桥湿地自然保护区保护管理提出建议。

From July 2013 to June 2014, a survey on bird resources was conducted with line transect method and point transect method in Hanshiqiao Wetland Nature Reserve. 15 orders 42 families and 88 species were found in the survey, among them 43 species were Passeriformes, accounting for 48.86% of the total. For residential birds, 40 species were passing migrant birds, accounting for 45.45% of the total. Birds diversity analysis with Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index showed that birds diversity higher in spring and autumn, and lower in summer and winter. To the distribution of birds, G-F index showed forest area had most species of birds, and residence areas had least number of bird species. The results also proved that bird habitat is moving northwards. Besides, some advices were made for protecting the birds and the wetland habitat.