18、19世纪英国城市化进程中私人领域的形成

The Formation of Private Sphere in the British Urbanization in the 18th and19th Centuries

私人领域是以独立的个体人格为基础而形成的私人生活空间,不仅与国家和政府的政治公共领域保持着一定的权力界限,而且与市民社会公共领域相分离。在18、19世纪英国城市化进程的推动下,中产阶级的家庭空间与工作场所相分离,家庭愈益显现出"女性化"的倾向,且个人隐私观念也日益加强。而这些趋势都推动着私人领域与社会生活领域的分离,导致完全意义上的私人领域最终形成。

The private sphere is the private living space based on the independent individuals. It is not only different from the public sphere of country and government, but also separated from the public sphere of civil society. Under the influence of the urbanization of Britain in the 18 th and 19 th centuries, the family space of the middle class was separated from the work place, family became more and more feminised, and the opinion of individual privacy was strengthened. All these intendancies promoted the separation of private sphere and public sphere, and at last the private sphere in the absolute meaning came into being.