望东垟高山湿地群落基本特征分析

Community Characteristics of Wangdongyang Alpine Wetland in Jingning of Zhejiang Province

对望东垟高山湿地自然保护区1 hm2样地进行调查,分析了样地植物群落中的物种组成和区系成分,结果表明:该区共有维管束植物34科50属55种,其中蕨类植物2科2属2种,裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物31科47属52种;植物区系地理成分丰富,科的分布区类型以世界分布最多,有18科(占52.94%),温带分布的科(9科)略多于热带分布的科(7科);属的分布区类型以世界分布最多,有14属(占28%),泛热带分布次之,有9属(占18%),热带分布与温带分布的属几相当;种的分布区类型以东亚分布最多,有42种(占76.36%),北温带分布和中国特有分布次之,均含8种;该湿地群落各层次的代表种类明显,木本植物中以圆锥绣球(Hydrangea paniculata)和江南桤木(Alnus trabeculosa)(幼树)为优势种,草本植物中以山类芦(Neyraudia montana)和平颖柳叶箬(Isachne truncata)为优势种;在垂直结构中,乔木层因砍伐而缺乏,草本层物种的丰富度明显大于灌木层,多样性指数略高于灌木层;望东垟湿地为热带北缘区系性质华东南缘高海拔山地类型。

Investigations were conducted on composition of plant species and their floristics at sample plot of 1 hectare in Jingning Wangdongyang Alpine Wetland, Zhejiang province. The results showed that there are 55 species belonging to 50 genera of 34 families, among them, two species belonging to two genera of pteridophyte, one species of gymnosperm, 52 species belonging to 47 genera of 31 families of angiosperm. The flora of the Reserve shows geographical richness. There are 18 families of cosmoplitan, about 52.94%, 9 families of temperate, and 7 families of tropic. The areal types of genera, there are 14 genera of cosmoplitan, and 9 genera of pantropic, taking 28% and 20 % respectively. The areal types of species, there are 42 species of East Asia, occupying 76.36%, 8 species of China endemic and 8 of north temperate. Hydrangea paniculata and Alnus trabeculosa is dominant at tree layer, Neyraudia montana and Isachne truncata at herb layer. The result demonstrated that species richness and diversity index at herb layer is much higher than that at arbor and shrub layer caused by deforestation.