染色体计数法鉴定甘蔗真假热带种

Determination of authenticity of Saccharum officinarum clones by chromosome numbers

以甘蔗热带种中5个品种的根尖分生区细胞为研究对象,采用酶解去壁低渗法制片,使用显微镜直接观察法,分别统计染色体条数,旨在鉴别真假热带种。结果表明,供试材料中罗汉蔗和Badila染色体条数较为固定,2n=80条,为典型热带种;而50uahpele、Muckche和白眉蔗的染色体众数分别为86、142和104条,与典型热带种(2n=80条)有较大的偏差,由此表明该3个甘蔗品系为假热带种。

To determine the authenticity of five Saccharum officinarum clones,fast growing root tip cells were collected. The cells were treated with enzymatic hydrolysis of low permeability,mounted on a glass slide,and observe under a microscope to count the number of metaphase chromosomes. The results showed that the chromosome numbers varied from 80 to 143. Two clones,Luohanzhe and Badila,had 2n = 80 chromosomes and were true S. officinarum species. Whereas the chromosome numbers of50 uachapele,Muckche and Baimeizhe were varied with average number of 2n = 86,142 and 104,respectively. The deviation from the typical 2n = 80 chromosome number for S. officinarum clearly suggested that these three tropical Saccharum clones were not S. officinarum clones.