云南栽培铁皮石斛适宜采收期研究

Study on suitable harvest time of Dendrobium officinale in Yunnan province

为了确定云南省不同产地栽培铁皮石斛的适宜采收期,对云南6个产地大棚栽培的铁皮石斛进行周年采样,每月采集1次,检测样品的折干率、甘露糖与葡萄糖峰面积比、浸出物、多糖和甘露糖含量,对不同采收期铁皮石斛的产量(折干率)及质量(指标性成分)进行综合评价。实验结果表明:不同产地云南省栽培铁皮石斛样品折干率在1—4月为高峰期,醇溶性浸出物在9—12月含量较高,多糖和甘露糖含量在1—4月达到高峰期,在10月—翌年2月,甘露糖与葡萄糖峰面积比符合药典标准。根据药典标准要求,综合测定的产量及质量的结果,云南省各产地栽培铁皮石斛的适宜采收期为12月至翌年2月。

In order to determine the suitable harvest time of Dendrobium officinale from different regions in Yunnan province,the drying rate,mannose and glucose peak area ratio,extract,contents of polysaccharide and mannose of D. officinale samples collected from six producing areas in Ynnnan province were determined. The results indicate that drying rate and the contents of polysaccharide and mannose arrived the peak from January to April,extract reached a higher content from September to December,and mannose and glucose peak area ratio from October to February of the coming met the requirment of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Hence,the suitable harvesting time of D. officinale in Yunnan province is from December to February of the coming year,according to the experimental results and the request of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.