不同日粮类型和粗蛋白质水平对四川山地乌骨鸡生产性能和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of Dietary Type and Crude Protein Level on Production Performance and Carcass Traits of Sichuan Mountain Black-bone Chicken

试验旨在研究不同日粮类型和粗蛋白质水平对四川山地乌骨鸡生产性能和屠宰性能的影响。采用2×2因子设计,设2种日粮类型(玉米—豆粕型和玉米—豆粕—酵母蛋白型)和2个粗蛋白质水平(16.5%和14.5%)。选用23周龄的四川山地乌骨鸡480只,设4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。预试期14d,正试期120d。结果表明,日粮类型对四川山地乌骨鸡的生产性能无显著影响(P>0.05),日粮16.5%粗蛋白质水平组平均蛋重显著高于14.5%粗蛋白质水平组(P<0.05)。日粮类型与粗蛋白质水平互作可显著影响平均蛋重(P<0.05),但对产蛋率、日产蛋量、日采食量和料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。日粮类型、粗蛋白质水平及日粮类型与粗蛋白质水平互作对四川山地乌骨鸡的屠宰性能均无显著影响(P>0.05),其中玉米—豆粕—酵母蛋白型(粗蛋白质16.5%)日粮组屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率最佳。结果提示,四川山地乌骨鸡的平均蛋重受日粮粗蛋白质水平影响较大;饲喂粗蛋白质水平为16.5%的玉米—豆粕—酵母蛋白型日粮可获得较好的生产性能和屠宰性能。

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary type and crude protein level on production performance and carcass traits of Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken.The experimental design was a 2×2factorial arrangement with two dietary types（corn-soybean meal and corn-soybean meal-yeast protein）and two crude protein levels（16.5% and 14.5%）.Four hundred and eighty 23-week-old Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken were randomly divided into 4groups with 4replicates per group and 30 chickens in each replicate.The pre-test period lasted for14 days and the trial period lasted for 120 days.The results showed that the production performance of Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken was not significantly affected by dietary type（P〉0.05）,while the average egg weight of dietary crude protein level 16.5% was significantly higher than that of dietary crude protein level 14.5%（P〈0.05）.It was also demonstrated the average egg weight was significantly affected by the interaction of dietary type and crude protein level（P〈0.05）,but laying rate,daily egg production,daily feed intake and feed/egg were not significantly affected（P〉0.05）.However,the carcass traits of Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken was not significantly affected by dietary type and crude protein level or the interaction of the twofactors（P〉0.05）,although dressing percentage,percentage of eviscerated yield,percentage of half-eviscerated yield,percentage of breast muscle and percentage of leg muscle of the dietary type of corn-soybean meal-yeast protein（crude protein level 16.5%）displayed better value.These results indicated that the average egg weight of Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken was affected by dietary crude protein level greatly.The dietary type of corn-soybean meal-yeast protein（crude protein level 16.5%）was better for Sichuan mountain Black-bone chicken by comprehensive evaluation of production performance and carcass traits.