黄瓜强雌性状的主基因＋多基因混合遗传模型分析

Genetic Analysis of Cucumber Subgynoecious Trait Using Major Gene Plus Polygene Mixed Genetic Model

利用黄瓜强雌株系S-2-98和雌雄同株系95为亲本,配制杂交组合,共获得6世代群体(P1,P2,F1,F2,B1,B2),通过观察6世代群体的雌花率,应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因联合分离分析方法 ,对黄瓜强雌性状的遗传模型进行判别与遗传参数的估计。结果表明:黄瓜强雌性状的遗传除受主基因控制外还受多基因的影响,符合D遗传模型,即1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型。B1、B2、F2主基因遗传率分别为5.50%、68.98%和54.65%,相应的多基因遗传率和环境变异分别为45.67%、11.81%、25.45%和48.83%、19.21%、19.90%,说明黄瓜雌花遗传还受多基因的修饰,同时环境对黄瓜的雌花也有较大的影响。

Six generations（P1, P2, F1, F2, B1, B2） were obtained using subgynoecious line S-2-98 and monoecious line 95 as the parental cucumber（ Cucumis sativus L.）, and the inheritance of female flower proportion was investigated. The model of the major gene plus polygene of quantitative traits was used to estimate the genetic model and genetic parameters of cucmber subgynoecious trait. The results showed that the cucmber subgynoecious trait was controlled by one additive-dominant-epistatic major gene plus additive-dominant-epistatic polygene mixed genetic model（ model D）. The major gene heritability of B1, B2, and F2 was 5.50%, 68.98% and 54.65%,respectively. While the corresponding polygene heritability and environmental variance was 45.67%, 11.81%,25.45% and 48.83%, 19.21%, 19.90%, respectively. The results implied that the environment had great influence to female flowers rate of cucumber and should be considered in breeding for cucumber of high female flower proportion.