生物炭基尿素对芹菜产量、品质及土壤硝态氮含量的影响

Effect of Biochar-based Urea on Yield and Quality of Celery and Soil NO_3^--N Content

采用田间小区试验,研究3种不同方法:熔融高压(YA)、水溶浸泡(PAO)、直接混合(HUN)制备的生物炭基尿素及包衣尿素(SU)对芹菜产量、品质、土壤中硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明:与施用普通尿素相比,3种生物炭基尿素和包衣尿素都显著提高芹菜产量,依次顺序为:水溶浸泡>熔融高压>直接混合>包衣尿素,分别增加18.66%、14.90%、10.85%和6.73%;芹菜硝酸盐含量分别降低48.24%、44.93%、31.73%、29.20%;而3种方法制备炭基氮肥芹菜Vc含量提高7.21%~37.02%;包衣尿素和3种生物炭基尿素氮肥利用率分别提高4.71%、9.94%、11.10%和6.93%;同时,生物炭基氮肥能明显减少硝态氮向土壤深层渗漏,减轻氮素淋失和对地下水污染风险。

Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of biochar-based urea prepared by melt pressure（YA）, water immersion（PAO） and directly mixed （HUN） methods on yield, quality Of celery and NO3--N content in soil compared with urea（ U ） and coated urea （SU）. The results showed that three kinds of biochar-based urea and coated urea significantly increased the yield of celery, the order was： PAO〉 YA〉HUN〉SU, yield increased by 18.66%, 14.90%, 10.85% and 6.73%, respectively; Biochar-based fertilizer application significantly re- duced nitrate content of celery, the order was： PAO 〉YA 〉HUN 〉SU, reduced by 48.24%, 4d.93%, 31.73%, and 29.20%, respectively; Bioehar-based fertilizer increased Vc content of celery from 7.21% to 37.02% compared with urea treatment; N use efficiency of celery in- creased 4.71%, 9.94%, 11.10% and 6.93% respectively by application of SU, YA, PAO and HUN treatments. Additionally, biochar-based urea application could evidently decrease the quantity of soil NO3--N leached to deep soil and decrease the pollution to ground water.