中国区域创新活动的“协同效应”与“挤占效应”——基于创新价值链视角的研究

The Synergistic Effect and Crowding out Effect of Chinese Regional Innovation Activities——Based on the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain

考虑到省际价格指数和折旧率的差异,本文从核算方法的调整入手,对中国30个省份1998—2013年省际研发资本存量进行了估算。基于创新价值链视角,以计算的分阶段省际研发资本存量为基础,对中国省际研发资本的空间外溢效应和价值链外溢效应以及由此产生的"协同效应"与"挤占效应"进行了分析。研究结果显示:中国区域创新活动的内部结构呈现出"轻基础研究、重实践应用研究"的现象。试验发展资本存量占比超过80%且逐年增长,而应用研究与基础研究资本存量占比不足20%。中国区域研发活动表现出明显的空间外溢效应和价值链外溢效应。应用研究资本投入与基础研究和试验发展资本投入形成了良好的"协同效应",而试验发展资本投入对基础研究资本投入具有一定的"挤占效应"。

Taking into account of differences in the provincial price index and the rate of depreciation, this paper estimates China＇s 30 provinces provincial R＆D capital stock from 1998 to 2013 which starts from the adjusted accounting methods. Based on the perspective of innovation value chain, we analyze the spatial spillover effect and the value chain spillover effect of China＇s provincial R＆D capital. At the same time, we analyze the synergistic effect and crowding out effect. The resuhs show that the internal structure of regional innovation activities in China presents the phenomenon .of “set down basic research and emphasis on application research” The proportion of test development phase capital stock exceeds 80%, and the proportion of applied research and basic research capital stock is less than 20%. There is a clear spatial spillover effect and the value chain spillover effect in the stock of R＆D capital. Fundamental research and test development capital investment has a good synergistic effect on application research capital investment, but test development capital investment has a certain crowding out effect on fundamental research capital investment.