另类公共领域?——线上游戏社区之检视

An Alternative Public Sphere?Examining Online Game Community

互联网的公共性令线上游戏社区成为一个"另类"的公共领域。作为玩家实现身份认同的共同体空间,"游戏"提供了公共化的传播结构与用户自主的社区建构方式,其基本动力在于:保护私人领域存在,维系社区知识生产机制以及塑造用户线上、线下空间的社会地位。线上游戏社区的传播内容存在一种包含了游戏世界、日常世界与政治世界的公共舆论气候。政治意志与资本力量在此之中影响着社区成员的行动秩序,与用户形成了相互依赖的权力关系。本文认为,考量线上游戏中的权力再生产现象可以基于玩家的三种身份特质:一是作为线上行动者的玩家;二是作为私人消费者的玩家;三则是作为政治公民的玩家。不过,作为公共领域的线上游戏社区依然在现实实践意义、公共辩论精神、公共利益保障等问题上存在多重困境。

Online game community is fairly an altemative public sphere in terms of the publicity of the Internet. A game contains an open communication structure, and provides autonomous ways to construct communities. Players can achieve identity in the online space. The basic motivations are to protect the private spheres, maintain the production of public knowledge and achieve the online and offline status in community. There is a public opinion climate about experiences of online games, daily lives and the political world in the communication content of online games. Political power and capital factor influence the behaviors of members in the community, and interact with players in an interdependence power relationships. The reproduction of power in online games could be discussed based on three characteristics of a player： a player as an online actor, a private consumer, or a political citizen. However, as a public sphere, the online game community still faces problems on reality practice, the spirit of public debate, and the security of public interest.