妊娠早期和中期孕妇发生抑郁状况的调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis of Depression between the First and Second Trimester of Pregnancy

目的调查妊娠早期和中期孕妇发生抑郁的状况,并分析其原因,以期为制定有针对性的护理措施提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法从省部级、市级、区级医院中各抽取一所医院,再从中整群抽取妊娠早期作产前检查的孕妇1051例为研究对象。于妊娠早期和妊娠中期,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,EPDS)分别对其进行调查。结果妊娠早期发生抑郁者348例,占33.11%;妊娠中期发生抑郁者209例,占19.86%;妊娠早、中期都有抑郁者134例(12.75%)。妊娠早期研究对象EPDS各条目得分均为高于妊娠中期,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两次调查中,均以"事情出错时我毫无必要责备自己"、"因心情不好而影响睡眠"、"因心情不好而哭泣"等3个条目得分最高。结论妊娠早期是妊娠期抑郁的高发期,部分妊娠早期抑郁孕妇会延续至妊娠中期。因此,应早期发现妊娠期抑郁孕妇,极早干预,以免抑郁延续至妊娠中期、晚期,甚至产后。

Objective To investigate the depression status during the first and second trimester of pregnancy,and analysis its reason,in order to provide evidence for establishing the targeted nursing measures.Methods By convenience sampling,1051 pregnant women were investigated by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale（EPDS）in the first and second trimester of pregnancy.Results There were 348 cases had depression in the first trimester,which accounted 33.11% and 209（19.86%）in second trimester of pregnancy.The 134cases（12.75%）had depression in both first and second trimester.Score of each item of EPDS in the first trimester were all higher than that in the second trimester significantly（all P0.05）.The dimensions of＂I have no need to blame myself when things go wrong＂,＂I have been so unhappy that I have had difficulty sleeping＂and＂I have been so unhappy and I cried＂scored higher in both two times of investigations.Conclusion Depression is very common in the first trimester of pregnancy.Some women with depressed mood in the early trimester will last to midterm of pregnancy,so we should find the women with high risk and take some interventions as early as possible to reduce the rate of perinatal depression.