云南高黎贡山7种鹛类骨骼特征比较

Skeleton comparison of seven babblers from Mt. Gaoligong,Yunnan

鸟类骨骼形态可以推测鸟类近缘类群的相互关系,也能对其生态适应作出解释。对高黎贡山7种鹛类的骨骼形态进行观察和测量,共观察到58个差异化特征,对特征赋值后列出特征矩阵,聚类结果显示斑喉希鹛(Minla Strigula)、锈额斑翅鹛(Actinodura egertoni)、红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)和黄颈凤鹛(Yuhina flavicollis)为一组,火尾绿鹛(Myzornis pyrrhoura)、白眉雀鹛(Alcippe vinipectus)、黄喉雀鹛(Alcippe cinerea)为另一组,种间关系与分子系统学研究结果一致。骨骼测量值共29项,主成分分析表明,高贡献率成分主要与喙、前后肢相关,这是取食习性、飞行能力和运动方式在7种鹛类种间差异化的体现。研究结果为将来雀形目鸟类骨骼形态研究提供参考。

Babblers comprise about 146 species in China having big variation of morphological and ecological traits among species. This leads to the classification difficulty of babblers.Mt.Gaoligong is in rich of babblers comprising 52 species that equals to 35.6%of China.This area has natural advantage to study their evolution, environmental adaptation and classification issues.The bird samples of 7 species from north part of Mt.Gaoligong were collected, the skeletal characters were described, and the skeletal measurements be-tween these species were compared.Totally, there are 58 morphological characters had been described and formed into matrix, 45 of which had been shown in the diagrams.Species cluster was based on the character matrix.The result showed that these 7 species fall into two groups, one of which consists of Minla Strigula, Actinodura egertoni, Leiothrix lutea and Yuhina flavicollis.Another group in-cludes Myzornis pyrrhoura, Alcippe vinipectus and Alcippe cinerea.This scenario of species relationship is in consistent with the molecu-lar systematic study.Another 29 measurable characters had been standardized into 34 ratio values.Principal component analysis of these values showed that the first two components contribute 76.70%of the total variation.The main factors in these two components were related to bill and limb morphology, which was obvious ecological differentiation of these 7 babbler species in Mt.Gaoligong.