大清律官员犯罪律文考论——以“职官有犯”律为例

Legal Research on Officials' Crime in the Qing Dynasty:A Case Study on Official Crime Ordinance

清代是中国封建社会的末代王朝,经历了二百六十余年由盛到衰的历史发展过程。在这期间,封建社会经济取得了超越前代的发展,典章制度也获得了显著的成就。清代所处的历史地位,决定了其法律制度的历史价值。"职官有犯"是《大清律例·名例律》中的一条法律,根据清代"职官有犯"律的规定,官员犯罪,无论职务高低,所司皆须开具事实,实封奏闻,取旨,不许擅问。清代皇帝是最高立法者,同时也是最大的审判官,控制国家的最高司法权。

Qing Dynasty experienced the decline of the historical development of two hundred and sixty years. During this period, the feudal Qing Dynasty surpassed the socio-economic development of the previous generation. The legal system had gained significant achievements. The historical position of the feudal Qing Dynasty determined the historical value of the Qing legal system. Official crime is one of the composing articles of the criminal codes of the Qing Imperial Code, which was mainly used to officials criminal proceedings. According to Official crime, government officials of any level should be issued by the secretary fact, secret reported, consulted, and should not be on trial without authorization. According to Official crime, the emperor is the highest legislators and judge who has the country＇s highest judicial power.