应用“聚焦解决模式”对神经外科开颅病人进行心理干预的效果研究

Study on effect of psychological intervention for patients with craniotomy in Department of neurosurgery by using focused solution model

[目的]探讨应用聚焦解决模式对神经外科开颅手术病人进行心理干预的效果。[方法]选择2014年4月—2014年9月神经外科开颅手术病人95例,随机分为对照组和干预组。对照组实行常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上由经过培训的神经外科专科护士根据研究设计的聚焦解决模式流程图给予病人术前及术后心理护理干预,应用激惹、抑郁及焦虑量表(IDA)于术前1d及术后1周评估两组病人负性情绪的差异,应用自护能力执行量表和TDL生命质量测定表评价术后1周及出院1个月时两组病人生命质量及自护能力的差异。[结果]两组病人术后1周IDA得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组病人术后1周生命质量得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);出院1个月随访发现两组病人在生命质量、自护能力方面得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]聚焦解决模式能够指导临床护士帮助病人减轻术后心理压力,提高病人自我照顾能力,最终改善了病人的生命质量。

Objective：To probe into the effect of psychological intervention for patients with craniotomy in Department of neurosurgery by using focused solution model.Methods：Atotal of 95 cases of patients with craniotomy in Department of neurosurgery were selected and randomly divided into control group and intervention group from April 2014 to September 2014.The patients in control group received the routine care,the patients in intervention group were given preoperative and postoperative psychological nursing intervention by trained specialists nurses in department of neurosurgery according to the designed focusing solving model flow chart on the basis of routine nursing care.Applying the irritability,depression and anxiety table to assess negative emotional differences between two groups on the preoperative 1dand at postoperative 1week,self-care ability execution scale and TDL life quality measurement volume table were used to evaluate the difference of quality of life and self-care ability of two groups of patients at postoperative 1week and 1month after discharge.Results：There was statistically significant difference in IDA Score at postoperative 1week between both groups（P〈0.05）;at postoperative 1week,there was statistically significant difference in quality of life（P〈0.01）;there was statistically significant difference inquality of life and self-care ability at a month after discharge（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Focused solving model can guide clinical nurses to help patients reduce postoperative psychological pressure,improve patients＇ self-care ability,and ultimately improve the quality of life of the patients.