传统合成氨工业转型升级的几点思考

Transformation-upgrading and energy-saving of ammonia synthesis industry

回顾了基于合成氨的氮肥在确保国家粮食安全中的战略地位,指出合成氨工业是不可替代的经典传统工业,它的转型升级、节能减排只能也必须依赖科技进步。分析了原料路线、企业规模、关键装备、催化剂和工艺等在产业转型升级中的作用。阐述了在各种含碳资源中含氢量最高的天然气是用于生产合成氨的最经济、最合理的原料。提出抓住原料和燃料消耗量最大的和动力消耗最大的三类关键机器和设备的技术改造,提高装备技术水平,采用高效催化剂,以及对现有合成氨装置进行节能工艺技术创新,就抓住了转型升级、节能减排的关键所在,同时,与煤化工和能源企业组成战略联盟等产业结构调整,实现转型升级、节能减排。

This paper reviewed the strategic importance of nitrogenous fertilizer from ammonia for the security of food supplies. It is pointed out that ammonia synthesis industry is an unsubstitutable traditional industry,its transformation-upgrading and energy-saving can only rely on the progress of science and technology without other choice. The impact of raw materials,facility capacity,key equipments,highly active catalysts and process technique based on highly active catalyst,on its transformation-upgrading is analyzed. It is expounded that natural gas is the most rational and the most economic raw material for the production of ammonia, and the roadmap and key for transformation-upgrading and energy-saving are the change of raw materials,the technical upgrade of equipments,the application of highly active catalyst,and process improvement based on highly active catalyst. At the same time,with comprising tactic union combined with coal chemical industry and energy industry,the transformation-upgrading can be achieved.