钯催化卤代芳烃氨解反应的研究进展

Progress in palladium-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide

钯催化卤代芳烃进行氨解反应是构建C—N键的重要方法,由于该方法所需的催化剂量少、反应条件温和、应用范围广和操作简单,因而被广泛应用于芳香胺类化合物的制备与生产。本文对该反应机理进行了简介,对近年来钯催化卤代芳烃与氨、伯胺、仲胺和其他含氮化合物的氨解反应研究进展进行了综述。指出迄今为止高活性和高选择性的催化剂依然有限,氨作为氨解剂和低廉的氯代芳烃作为氨解底物的使用都还不够广泛。寻找新的配体、设计新的催化体系、提高反应选择性和改善反应对敏感官能团的容忍性,是钯催化卤代芳烃氨解反应领域未来的发展方向。另外,仔细研究反应机理将会加深对反应的理解。

It is an important method to form C—N by palladium-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide,which is widely used for preparing and producing aromatic amine compounds because of its low catalyst dose,mild reaction conditions,wide application range and easy operation. The reaction mechanism is surveyed,and the recent progress in palladium-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide with ammonia, primaryamines, secondary amines and other nitrogen-containing compounds is reviewed. So far highly active and selective catalysts remains limited,and ammonia as ammonolysis reagent and cheap aryl chlorides as ammonolysis substrates are still not widely used. Searching new ligands,designing new catalytic systems,promoting reaction selectivity and improving the tolerance of the ammonolysis to sensitive functional groups will be the development focus of palladium-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide in the future. In addition,carefully studying the mechanism will deepen the understanding on this reaction.