松香基含氮杂环衍生物的研究进展

Research progress of rosin based nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives

在松香中引入杂环,可赋予松香特殊的生物和光学等活性,而松香基含氮杂环衍生物则是在松香中引入含氮的杂环,是松香基衍生物的重要组成部分。本文以羧基改性、菲环改性和综合改性为主线,根据羧基上的还原、胺化、酰基化、缩合、闭环等反应和菲环上的氧化、亲电取代反应(溴代、选择性硝化)、重氮化、缩合和闭环等反应类型,由18位羰基酰化改性、18位烷基碳原子成环改性、18位烷基相连氮原子成环改性、11,12位碳成环改性、12,13位碳成环改性、13,14位碳成环改性和综合成环改性分类,系统综述松香基咪唑啉、噻唑、唑、呋咱、喹啉、吲哚、吖啶等含氮杂环衍生物的研究现状,详细归纳了该类衍生物的生物活性、缓蚀活性、荧光活性和表面活性的性能应用,并对松香基含氮杂环衍生物的合成和应用研究趋势进行了展望。指出该类化合物在有机金属催化材料和染料敏化太阳能电池等功能性化合物开发中具有重要发展潜力。

Rosin can be endowed with the special biological and optical activities by adding heterocyclic ring. Rosin based nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives introducing nitrogen heterocyclic ring in rosin is an important part of rosin derivatives. The progress of rosin based nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives,such as imidazoline,thiadizole,oxadiazoles,furazan,quinoline,indole,and acridine,are systematically summarized according to the modification of carboxyl,phenanthrene ring and composite. Classification is based on the modification of 18 carbonyl acylating,18 alkyl carbon atoms cyclization,18 alkyl connected to the nitrogen atom cyclization,11,12 carbon ring formation,12,13 carbon ring formation,13,14 carbon ring formation and comprehensive cyclization according to the reaction of reduction,amination,acyl,condensation,closed loop on carboxyl and oxidation,electrophilic substitution reaction（bromine,selective nitration）,diazotization,condensation and closed loop on phenanthrene ring. Not only the application of biological activity,corrosion activity,properties of fluorescence and surface activity are summarized in detail,but also the synthesis and development trends of rosin based nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives are reviewed and forecasted respectively. What is more,the development prospect of this compounds in functional areas,such as organic metal catalytic materials and dye-sensitized solar cells,is pointed out.