水分亏缺条件下关中地区夏玉米生长规律研究

Research on Summer Maize Growth Regularity on Water Deficit Conditions in Guanzhong Area

通过夏玉米小区试验,在不同时期给以不同程度的亏水灌溉处理,以研究不同生长时期水分亏缺和亏缺程度对夏玉米生理生态及产量的影响。将夏玉米生长发育过程划分三叶期-拔节期、拔节期-抽雄期、抽雄期-灌浆期、灌浆期-成熟期4个生长阶段,每个生育阶段设置不同水分水平。结果表明:夏玉米株高在抽雄期以前已经形成,抽雄期后再对其进行亏水处理已不能对其构成影响;夏玉米茎粗在抽雄-灌浆期前已经形成,这一时期及这一时期后的其它生育期的水分亏缺将对夏玉米的茎粗亦不再构成影响;拔节-抽雄期和抽雄-灌浆期为夏玉米冠部干重对水分敏感的时期;抽雄-灌浆期为夏玉米产量形成的最关键时期,这一时期的水分亏缺会严重影响夏玉米的产量。

Through the summer maize area test, at different times with different degree of water deficit irrigation treatment, to study the effect of different growth period of water deficit and deficit degree on summer maize physiological effect and yield of. The summer maize growth process was divided into four stages： trefoil-jointing, jointing-heading, heading-filling, heading maturing, each stage was settled into different water level. The results show that： Summer maize plant height has been formed at the pre-heading stage, after this stage the water deficit has not effect on it; The diameter of the summer maize has been formed before the stage of heading-filling, this period and the period after the other reproductive period of water deficit on summer maize stem is also no longer affected; Jointing-heading and heading-filling stages are the sensitive periods with water of crown dry mater; The heading-filling stage is the key period for summer maize yield formation, water deficit in this period will seriously affect the yield of summer maize.