甘肃省稀有金属矿产特征与成矿规律初探

A preliminary study of characteristics and metallogenic regularity of rare metal mineral resources in Gansu Province

通过20世纪六七十年代和2010年至今2个主要勘查阶段的工作,甘肃省境内共发现了51处稀有金属矿床和矿(化)点,主要成矿类型为碱性花岗岩型和花岗伟晶岩型,其次有变粒岩型、云英岩型和变中酸性火山岩型等。这些矿床和矿(化)点主要分布在北山地区,其次为龙首山、阿尔金山和西秦岭地区,大部分产出于古老地块边缘的火山、岩浆及构造活动带。矿体的产出受岩浆岩侵入体或断裂构造控制,新太古界—古元古界变质地层是主要的赋矿围岩地层,矿体主要产出于华力西中-晚期侵入的花岗岩和伟晶岩中,成矿时代主要为石炭纪—二叠纪,其次为志留纪、三叠纪、奥陶纪、第四纪、侏罗纪。

During 1960＇ s-- 1970＇ s and from 2010 up till now, the two main exploration phases of the geological work, geologists discovered 51 rare metal deposits or ore （mineralization） spots in Gansu Province. The main metallogenic types include alkaline granite type and granite pegmatite type, followed by granulite type, greisen type, metamorphic intermediate-acid volcanic rock type, etc. They are mainly distributed in Beishan area, fol- lowed by Longshoushan, Aerjinshan and west Qingling areas. Most deposits occur at the edge of the volcanic, magmatic and tectonic belts. The orebodies are controlled by fracture structure and magmatic rock intrusion, with late Archean-Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rock being the main ore rock formation. Orebodies mainly occur in middle and late Variscan intrusive granite and pegmatite, and the ore-forming epochs are mainly Carbonifer- ous and Permian, followed by Silurian, Triassic, Ordovician. Ouaternarv and Jurassic.