大学新生艾滋病知识、态度和教育需求调查分析

A Survey and Analysis of AIDS Knowledge,Attitude and Educational Needs in Freshmen

目的了解大学新生的艾滋病知识、态度及行为情况,探索适合大学生的艾滋病健康教育模式。方法采用调查问卷的形式对广州市某高校447名大学新生进行调查,并对调查数据进行统计分析。结果大学新生对艾滋病传播途径的知晓率均超过60%。其中,女生对"共用办公用品"、"感染艾滋病病毒的妇女给婴儿哺乳"、"输血或使用血液制品"及"男同性恋者之间的肛交"的知晓率明显高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);女生对"每次正确使用安全套"、"不共用注射器"、"洁身自爱,不涉足情色场所"的知晓率明显高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);大学新生希望获得艾滋病知识的途径中,男生与女生在"电视"、"报刊杂志"、"教师"、"同学"、"宣传资料"、"同伴教育"方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论高校大学新生对艾滋病相关知识的掌握不全面,学校需大力开展艾滋病健康教育工作,让大学生能掌握正确的艾滋病相关知识,以降低大学生感染艾滋病的风险。

Objective To understand the AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior of freshmen and explore a healthy mode of AIDS education for college students. Method 447 freshmen from a university of Guangzhou city were surveyed with questionnaires and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The awareness of HIV transmission in these freshmen were more than 60 %. Among them, female students had higher awareness of ＂ sharing common office supplies＂, ＂HIV-infected women to their babies through breast-feeding,＂ ＂blood trans- fusion or using blood products＂ and ＂anal sex between gay men＂ than male students and the difference was sta- tistically significance （P%O.05 or P%O.O1） ; female students had higher awareness of ＂proper use of condoms every time,＂ ＂not sharing syringes＂ and ＂keeping out of trouble and staying away from erotic places＂ than male students, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; among the ways to get AIDS knowledge, the differences between male and female students in television, newspapers and magazines, teachers, students, promotional materials and peer education were statistically significant （P〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. Conclusion University Freshman do not have comprehensive ADIS knowledge and the university needs to carry out AIDS health education widely so that students can master the right knowledge about AIDS to re- duce their risk of HIV infection.