近年链霉菌次生代谢产物研究进展

The recent progress of study on secondary metabolites of Streptomyces

链霉菌属微生物可合成生物碱、蒽醌、内酯、黄酮及酚类等结构多样的次生代谢产物;同时,这些代谢物质还具备拮抗微生物、抗肿瘤、酶抑制等多种生物活性。但随着链霉菌代谢产物研究在20世纪70年代达到巅峰后,在随后的20年间新物质的发现比率不断下降;该领域研究的未来发展前景如何一直是关注的热点。本文依据2005—2013年期间链霉菌次生代谢研究报道数据,针对新化合物数量、结构类型、生物活性及菌株采样环境进行分类统计分析,并对典型新化合物进行介绍。分析结果表明:针对链霉菌次生代谢产物研究,自2009年以来新结构活性化合物数量逐年增多;随着新技术、新方法的普及,链霉菌这一传统先导化合物研究材料依然具备重要的研究价值。

Streptomyces can synthesize a diversity of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, lactones and phenolic compounds which also have biological activities of microorbial antagonistic, antitumor, enzyme inhibition and so on. With the Streptomyces metabolites research reached its climax in the 1970s, the discovery ratio of new structure compounds was on the decline during the next 20 years. The future developing trend is always the focus of attention in this field. Based on the recent reports of Streptomyces secondary metabolism studies from 2005--2013, the statistical analysis was classified according to the number of new compounds, structural type, biological activity and strain sampling environment, and the typical new compounds were also introduced. The analysis shows that, since 2009 the number of new compounds with biological activities is increasing year by year. It was speculated that with the popularization of new technology and new method, Streptomyces, as a traditional object for lead compound discovery, still has important research value.