地塞米松应用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

Current applications of dexamethasone for cancer treatment

地塞米松是临床上广泛使用的糖皮质激素,其具有多种药理作用。近年来,地塞米松在癌症治疗中的应用日益增多,它可预防和缓解化疗药物带来的恶心、呕吐和疼痛等副作用;也可作为药物增敏剂来增强化疗药物的抗肿瘤效果,还在某些癌症治疗中用作抗肿瘤药物。地塞米松通过与糖皮质激素受体结合而介导多种信号通路,从而发挥抗炎、抗血管生成和激素调节等多种作用,对肿瘤的增殖、侵袭和转移等过程产生影响。

Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that is widely used in clinical due to its multiple pharmacological effects. Recently, dexamethasone is increasingly utilized in anti-cancer therapy. It is frequently used to prevent side effects of chemotherapy such as nausea, vomiting and pain, as well as to increase the anti-tumor activity of the cancer chemotherapeutic agents as a chemosensitizer and to inhibit tumor growth as an anti-cancer agent in some certain cancers. Dexamethasone produces the effects in anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, control of estrogen activity and so on, by binding to glucocorticoid receptor to regulate gene expression of some important bio-signal molecules. Those signal pathways could interfere with the transcription of various factors which can regulate proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors.