借兵平寇的得与失——简论回纥助唐平定安史叛乱

Discussion about Tang Dynasty Borrowing Army from Uighurrs To Put down An-shi Rebellion

唐朝在平定安史之乱的过程中,多次向回纥借兵。前人相关著作多盛赞回纥对于唐朝平叛作用之大,并简单的把唐朝借兵的原因归结于唐回友好关系。以回纥助唐的具体战例为史料,可以看出前人对回纥助战的作用有所夸大,事实上回纥在战争中所起的作用有限。唐朝向回纥借兵,主要是因为唐朝征调少数民族武装的惯例、唐肃宗急于平定叛乱以及消除回纥对唐朝的潜在威胁。这对于我们正确认识平定安史之乱的战争,把握唐朝中后期对回纥关系的本质都有积极意义。

In putting down An - shi Rebellion, the government of Tang borrowed armies from Uighurrs for times. The previous works praise the big effect of Uighur：rs, and think the reason of Tang government borrowing the army from Uighurrs is the good relation between Tang Dynasty and Uighurrs. But through the battles of Uighurrs helping Tang Dynasty as the historical materials we analyze the effect of Uighurrs, and point out the fact that Ui- ghurrs＇ s effect is not very big. Tang government borrowing armies from Uighurrs was a routine of Tang Dynasty; meanwhile it was Suzong＇ s strategy in eliminating the threats from Uighurrs.