2013～2014年我院检出病原菌的分布及耐药性监测

Distribution and drug resistance monitoring of pathogenic bacteria detected in a hospital between 2013 and 2014

目的了解我院2013-2014年临床分离病原菌的分布及对常用抗生素的耐药性。方法收集我院2013-2014年临床各科室送检的各类标本进行病原学检查,采用珠海迪尔生物工程有限公司生产的细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统进行细菌鉴定及药敏分析。结果共检出病原菌2539株,其中革兰阴性杆菌1525株,革兰阳性球菌438株,分别占检出病原菌总数的60.06%和17.25%;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是检出的主要病原菌;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药率最低,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对多粘菌素B耐药率最低,未检出对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论 2013-2014年我院检出病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌,大多数病原菌的耐药性较强,临床工作中应加强细菌耐药性监测。

Objective To investigate the distribution of clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria between 2013 and 2014 and the drug resistance to common antibiotics. Methods Etiological examination was carried out in the various samples clinically tested between 2013 and 2014. Bacterial identification test and drug sensitive test were performed by DL-96 bacterium identifying and drug sensitivity analyzing systems. Results 2539 pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 1525 strains of gram negative bacilli and438 strains of gram positive cocci, which respectively accounted for 60.06% and 17.25% of the total bacteria. Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus ranked the top five species of the isolated pathogenic bacteria. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had the lowest drug resistance to imipenem and meropenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were most sensitive to polymyxin B. No Staphylococcus aureus was found resistant to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion Gram negative bacteria are the major pathogenic bacteria detected in the hospital between 2013 and 2014. Most pathogenic bacteria have strong drug resistance. The bacterial drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened in the clinical work.