家庭政策对父亲参与及性别平等的影响——基于欧洲4种福利体制的比较研究

The Impact of Family Policy on Father Involvement and Gender Equality

家庭中父亲更多地参与儿童养育不仅有助于母亲更好地平衡工作与家庭,同时也有利于孩子的成长与发展,提高整个家庭的生活质量。近些年,欧洲各国都不断改革自己的社会福利体系、完善家庭和社会政策,以提高性别平等和儿童福利。欧洲国家的家庭福利模式可以分为北欧家庭友好模式、自由市场主导模式、三阶段保守模式、地中海家庭主导模式4种。对瑞典、英国、德国和西班牙这4个代表国家的家庭政策与政策实施结果进行比较分析可以看出家庭政策对父亲参与儿童养育与性别平等的影响具有重要的现实意义。

Father involvement in childrearing can not only enhance the balance of paid - unpaid work of fe- males, but also improve child＇ s well - being and welfare of the whole family. In order to attain gender equali- ty and improve child＇ s well - being, almost all the European countries keep reforming their family policies. Through modifying Esping - Andersen＇ s classification of three welfare states, European countries can be di- vided into four welfare models ： （ 1 ） Nordic family - friendly model ; （2） Liberal market - oriented mode ; （3） Three - stage conservative model ; （4） Family - based Mediterranean model Through cross - national compari- son, the positive relationship can be found between family policy, father involvement and gender equality as well.