南京地区0~5岁儿童25-羟基维生素D水平及其与季节的关系

Correlation between levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and seasons in 0-5 years old children in Nanjing area

目的：了解南京地区儿童血清25-羟基维生素D[25-（OH）D]水平,为临床维生素D制剂使用提供参考依据。方法选取2013年6月至2014年5月在南京医科大学附属南京妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊进行健康体检的0~5岁儿童为研究对象,采用人25-（ OH） D检测试剂盒检测其血清维生素D水平；统计不同年龄段儿童维生素D平均水平,计算各年龄组维生素D缺乏情况；分析其与年龄、性别以及季节变化之间的关系。结果0~5岁儿童维生素D水平为（81.5±30.4） nmol/L,其中男童维生素D水平为（81.9±31.6）nmol/L,女童维生素D水平为（81.3±29.8） nmol/L,平均缺乏率达9.5%（271/23944例）；缺乏主要存在于〉4~5岁儿童；且〉4~5岁组男童维生素D水平[（64.9±21.2） nmol/L]显著高于女童[（60.8±21.2） nmol/L]（t=0.98,P〈0.05）；维生素D水平受季节变化影响显著,第3季度水平[（108.1±11.6）nmol/L]显著高于其他季度[（71.8±15.6） nmol/L、（95.5±21.2） nmol/L、（86.6±3.5） nmol/L]（F=4.53,P=0.03）。结论维生素D作为儿童生长发育的必要营养元素,其补充应该贯彻儿童发育的不同时期,且不同年龄段儿童还应该根据当地季节变化补充维生素D。

Objective To analyze the level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-（OH）D ]in serum from 0 to 5 years old children in Nanjing area so as to provide some guides on clinical application. Methods The serum 25-（ OH） D level was detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in children from 0 to 5 years old that took health examination in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from June 2013 to May 2014. The average vitamin D levels and deficiency rates were analyzed,and the factors such as age, sex and season which might induce vitamin D deficiency were analyzed. Results The average 25-（ OH） D level in ser-um was （81. 5±30. 4） nmol/L,with a deficiency rate of 9. 5%（271/23 944 cases）. Among them,the 25-（OH）D lev-el of boys was （81. 9±31. 6） nmol/L,while for girls it was （81. 3±29. 8） nmol/L. The main vitamin D deficiency ages of children were more than 4 to 5 years old. Vitamin D in male children [（64. 9±21. 2） nmol/L] was higher than fe-male children [（60.8±21. 2） nmol/L] （t=0. 98,P〈0. 05） and vitamin D levels were influenced by seasonal variation. Vitamin D level of the third quarter [（108. 1±11. 6） nmol/L]was significantly higher than other quarters [（71. 8±15. 6） nmol/L,（95. 5±21. 2）nmol/L,（86. 6±3. 5） nmol/L] （F=4. 53,P=0. 03）. Conclusions As a vi-tal nutrient,the supplementation of vitamin D should be carried out in different development periods of the children and the supplement should also be based on local seasonal changes.