蓬莱玉参(Apostichopus sp.)体壁的营养成分分析及评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition in the Body Wall of Penglai Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus sp.)

采用生化方法对蓬莱玉参(Apostichopus sp.)体壁营养成分进行了测定,并分析评价了这一水产养殖新品种的营养和开发价值。结果显示,蓬莱玉参体壁中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分含量分别为91.29%、5.25%、0.23%和3.09%,其中,粗蛋白质和灰分高于刺参,粗脂肪低于刺参,具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特点;蓬莱玉参体壁中氨基酸总量为53.76%,明显高于刺参,氨基酸组成和含量接近于FAO/WHO的推荐模式,属于质量较好的蛋白质;蓬莱玉参体壁中呈味氨基酸含量为25.63%,占氨基酸总量的47.66%,且各种呈味氨基酸含量均高于刺参,鲜美程度要好于刺参。蓬莱玉参体壁中多不饱和脂肪酸含量(PUFA)为26.47%,DHA+EPA为12.08%,不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值(UFA/SFA)为3.19,均高于刺参,因此,脂肪质量优于刺参;蓬莱玉参体壁中常量及微量元素含量较高,Ca、P比例适宜,并富含VB6和VB1,其中,VB1含量为1.30 mg/100 g,含量远高于刺参。研究结果表明,蓬莱玉参营养价值优于刺参,具有较高的营养价值和保健作用。

Penglai sea cucumber （Apostichopussp.） is a newly developed aquaculture species. The nutrient composition in the body wall of Penglai sea cucumber has not been investigated widely. The current study measured the nutrient composition of Penglai sea cucumber and compared with other sea cucumber species. Results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash of the body walls of Penglai sea cucumber were 91.29%, 5.25%, 0.23% and 3.09%, respectively, The contents of crude protein and crude ash were higher than those ofApostichopus japonicus, whereas the contents of moisture and crude fat were lower than those ofA. japonicus. The total amino acids （TAA） content of Penglai sea cucumber was 53.76%, which was significantly higher than that ofA. japonicus. Furthermore, the flavor amino acids （FAA） content was 25.63%, which accounted for 47.66% of TAA. The FAA contents were higher than those ofA. japonicus,suggesting that Penglai sea cucumber might be more delicious than other sea cucumber species. In addition, the contents of PUFA and “DHA＋EPA” were 26.47% and 12.08%, respectively and the UFA/SFA ratio was 3.19 in Penglai sea cucumber, which were higher than those inA. japonicus. The body wall of Penglai sea cucumber has great content in major and trace element, VB6, VB1, and suitable Ca/P ratio. The content of VB1 was 1.3 mg/100 g, which was higher than that ofA. japonicus. In conclusion, Penglai sea cucumberbears betternutrition condition, and is a promising species for aquaculture and stock enhancement.