热-力耦合效应对风电专用机床主轴振动的影响

Influence of thermal-mechanical coupling effect on spindle vibration of wind power production machine tool

针对风电专用机床的主轴在工作过程中具有同时受力与发热影响的特点,研究了热-力耦合效应对主轴振动的影响.在研究数控机床主轴工作过程中热-力耦合机理的基础上,提出通过有限元仿真和温度场实验相结合的新方法建立主轴热-力耦合振动模型.以一种用于风力发电机叶轮制造的数控机床为研究对象,针对所建立的主轴热-力耦合振动模型,分别进行热-力耦合振动瞬态分析和稳态分析.研究结果表明:在风电专用机床主轴达到热稳态之前,由于主轴的热能不断地转化为机械能,从而使得主轴的振幅变大,并且最大增幅可达13.47%.研究热-力耦合效应对主轴振动的影响,为数控机床主轴的多目标优化设计提供了重要的理论依据.

As the spindle of wind power production machine tool is affected by combined action of heat and force in the working process,the influence of thermal-mechanical coupling effect on spindle vibration of computer numerical control（CNC）machine tool was studied.On the basis of studying the thermal-mechanical coupling mechanism,a novel method of combining finite element simulation with temperature field experiment was proposed to establish thermal-mechanical coupling vibration model of the spindle.Taking a CNC machine tool used in the wind power vane manufacturing as the research object,based on the established thermal-mechanical coupling vibration model,thermal-mechanical coupling vibration transient analysis and steadystate analysis were conducted respectively.The above analysis results show that before the spindle reaches thermal steady-state,as its thermal energy continually transforms into mechanical energy,the vibration amplitude of the spindle increases,with the maximum increasing rate up to 13.47%.To study the influence of thermal-mechanical coupling effect on the spindle vibration provides important theoretical basis for multi-objective optimization design of the CNC machine tool spindle.