2009-2013年成都市郫县手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of Pixian County,2009-2013

目的了解2009-2013年四川省成都市郫县手足口病流行病学特征,为科学防控手足口病提供参考和依据。方法使用Excel 2007软件、SPSS 18.0软件对郫县2009-2013年手足口病的监测数据进行处理,并描述疾病的流行病学特征。结果 2009-2013年郫县手足口病的年均发病率为164.47/10万,发病总体呈上升趋势,趋势性检验差异有统计学意义;4~6月是全年发病高峰,发病数、重症数分别占全年的43.35%和59.38%;5年间有1例死亡。5岁以下儿童发病占报告总数的96.85%,年龄别发病率、重症发病率均以1岁组最高;男性发病数、发病率、重症发病率均高于女性。安靖、犀浦、红光及团结镇的发病率明显高于其他镇。实验室诊断病例及重症病例均以EV71阳性为主,普通病例中其他肠道病毒阳性比例逐年上升。结论郫县手足口病发病总体呈上升趋势,5岁以下婴幼儿和EV71感染者是发病和重症的主要人群,流动人口居多的镇发病最多。提示要进一步完善多部门协作机制,围绕重点人群、重点时间段及重点场所等,加强手足口病防控工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） in Pixian county of Chengdu,Sichuan province,from 2009 to 2013,to provide reference and basis for scientific prevention and control of HFMD. Methods By using Excel2007 and SPSS18. 0 software data and epidemiological characteristics of the disease were proceeded and described. Results The average annual incidence rate of HFMD was 164. 47 / 105 in 2009- 2013,showing an uptrend as a whole. From April to June,the severity of HFMD was on its peak,with the case number and the number of severe cases accounting for 43. 35%,59. 38%of that of the whole year,respectively. There was one death case through the 5 years. The incidence of children under 5 years accounted for 96. 85% of the reported total number,the age-specific incidence and severe case incidence rate were the highest in one year age group. The number,rate and the severity of HFMD incidence in male group were all higher than that in female group. The morbidity of HFMD in the towns of Anjing,Xipu,Hongguang and Tuanjie were obviously higher than that of the other towns. All and severe cases of HFMD were diagnosed as EV71 positive in the laboratory,the proportion of positive enteric viruses in ordinary cases was increasing annually. Conclusion The number of HFMD cases in Pixian county is generally increasing. Children under the age of 5 and EV71 infected group are the main vulnerable population for incidence and severe cases. The incidence of HFMD is the highest in the towns with floating population. Therefore,it is suggested that joint efforts should be made to establish multi-sector coordination mechanism focusing on key groups,period and sites in future.