不同覆盖雷竹林出笋规律及其与温度的相关性

Shooting Law and Its Correlation with Temperature of Phyllostachys praecoxcv.prevernalisin Different Mulching Cultivation Periods

【目的】揭示覆盖栽培竹林生理生态变化机制,为现代竹林定向培育和衰退竹林生态修复技术研究提供依据。【方法】采用对比设计和相关性分析,研究覆盖0年(对照)、1年、3年、6年、9年、12年雷竹林出笋规律及其与温度的相关性。【结果】各竹林以覆盖1年竹林出笋最早,笋期最长,笋产量最高,达16 633.93kg/hm2;覆盖3年、6年、9年、12年竹林笋产量分别为:15 422.97、12 004.90、11 652.36和10 288.25kg/hm2;对照竹林出笋最晚,笋期最短,笋产量仅8 173.60kg/hm2;各竹林出笋与气温相关性均未达到显著水平,但对照竹林与气温相关性最高,相关系数(r值)达0.866;除覆盖1年、12年竹林,各竹林出笋与地温正相关水平不显著,但r值均在0.650以上。【结论】覆盖能提前笋芽萌发,延长笋期,提高笋产量,但随覆盖年限加长,笋产量持续下降,这与地下茎笋芽萌发能力降低有很大关系。此时,需要创新培育技术,重点开展竹林生态修复技术研究,以促进实现竹林可持续经营。

【Objective】The aim of the study was to revealed eco-physiological response mechanisms of mulching cultivation bamboo forest and to provided a basic evidence for modern directive breeding and ecological rehabilitation technology of bamboo forests.【Method】Contrasting design and correlation analysis were used in this study to explore shooting law and its correlation with temperature of mulching 0year（control）,1year,3years,6years,9years,12 years P.prevernalis forests.【Results】In all bamboo forests,the shooting time was earliest in mulching 1year forest.Its shooting duration was longest and shoots yield was highest（16 633.93kg/hm2）.The shoots yield in 3,6,9and 12 years forests were,respectively,15 422.97,12 004.90,11 652.36and10 288.25kg/hm2.The shooting time of was latest and shooting duration was shortest in the control forest.Its shoots yield was lowest and only 8 173.60kg/hm2.All shooting of bamboo forests had no significant correlation with air temperature.However,control forest had the most significant correlation with air temperature and the correlation coefficient（r）reached 0.866.Except for1 year and 12 years bamboo forests,shooting had no significant positive correlation with ground temperature but all r values were higher than 0.650.【Conclusion】Ground mulching advancedshooting time,prolonged shooting duration and increased shoots quantity.However,following the increase of mulching periods,the shoots yield decreased.This might be caused by shooting ability of bamboo rhizome.In this case,it was necessary to innovate cultivation technology.Meanwhile,ecological restoration technology of degraded bamboo forest will needed for sustainable management of bamboo forest.