中国经济之谜还是中国道路的特征事实?

China's Economic Mystery or the Characteristics of China Road

中国经济发展过程中有很多现象与西方发展的"特征事实"有所冲突,不能为西方主流经济理论所解释,被称为中国经济之谜。按照西方主流理论,这些问题不解决,中国经济必将崩溃。在现有文献评述的基础上,本文通过对这些现象的进一步考察,认为这些所谓的中国经济之谜本身是一个自洽的体系。这些特征是我国道路特征产生的。我国有机结合了出口导向发展战略和进口替代发展战略,在发挥比较优势的基础上也保持了工业体系的完整性和高端装备制造业的发展。为了实现这种有机结合,中央政府通过要素市场控制和对地方政府的激励对市场配置资源进行有效干预。这种发展战略和政策控制在产生高速增长的同时也带来了工业大而不强,劳动收入占比下降等问题。未来增强中国道路持续性的一个措施可以借助员工持股等混合所有制改革、提升服务贸易占比等方法来提高财产收入,从而产生一个产业升级和劳动收入占比上升的正向激励。

In the process of China＇s economic development, there are many phenomena which conflicts with the characteristics of the economic development in the West and can not be explained by the western mainstream economic theory. They are know as the mystery of Chinese economy. According to the western mainstream theory, if these problems can not be resolved, the Chinese economy will collapse. This paper, through further investigation of these phenomena, believes that these so-called mystery of Chinese economy is a self-consistent system. These characteristics are the characteristics of the China road. In the future,one of the measures to strengthen the sustainable development of the China road is to improve the income of residents＇ property income through the mixed ownership reform including employee holding shares,enhancing the ratio of service trade, to realize the positive drive of industrial upgrading and the rising of the ratio of labor income.