试论公民身份教育的实践模式——基于六国培养体系的比较研究

Pilot Research on Models of Practices in Citizenship Education——A Comparative Study on Experiences from the Systems in 6 Countries

公民身份教育的复兴标识着公民教育从自我向共同体取向认同的重要转变。从符号认同、国民认同到多元认同是公民身份教育演变的基本逻辑。英国的主动公民、美国的多元价值、德国的政治教养、法国的共和人权、韩国的国民伦理、日本的"好公民"培养体系,代表了参与型、权利型、责任型等公民身份教育实践模式的基本类型。六国模式中尽管存在特定的背景差异,但对于构建本土模式、专设国家课程、支持教学民主、促进教师专业发展的中国特色公民教育发展路径具有重要启示。

The revival of citizenship education in the world has witnessed the significant transition from the identity of self-ness to that of the community. From the symbol recognition to national and diversified identification is the basic logic of the evolution of citizenship education. Practices in six countries such as the active citizenship in the UK,diversified citizenship in the US,political cultivation in Germany,human rights in the republic citizenship system in France,national ethics in Korea,and good citizen in Japan stand for the contemporary models,which include 3 types of participation,rights and responsibility in citizenship education. Although there are some specific background differences among the six models,what Chinese citizenship education could learn from the comparative analyses are localization of international experiences,settlement of national curriculum,democratic teaching,and professional development of teachers etc.