基于蜡式自驱动温控阀的在轨卫星热控方法分析

Analysis on thermal control method of satellite in orbit based on self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax

为了提高航天器热控系统的控温适应能力,介绍了一种基于蜡式自驱动温控阀的卫星单相流体回路热控方法,提出了蜡式自驱动温控阀控温和机械泵、蜡式自驱动温控阀联合控温两种控制策略.利用集总参数法建立蜡式自驱动温控阀、热源载荷以及辐射器等部件的数学模型,运用数值仿真方法计算了某卫星在轨飞行中外热流周期性扰动和电气设备热耗阶跃扰动下该热控系统的温度动态特性,分析了两种控制策略的控温效果.结果表明:机械泵、蜡式自驱动温控阀联合控温既能利用蜡式自驱动温控阀的优势,达到系统的可靠性要求以及减少能源消耗,又能够克服蜡式自驱动温控阀的温度限制以及稳态误差等不足,实现回路系统的精确控温.

To improve the thermal control adaptability of spacecraft,a satellite singlephase fluid loop thermal control technology based on self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax was presented.Then,two kinds of improved control strategies were proposed.One was the self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax as the controlling object,the other was the combination control with mechanical pump and self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax as the controlling objects.The mathematical model of self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax,heat load,radiator and other components was built by lumped parameter method,temperature dynamic performance of this thermal control system was calculated by numerical simulation method under periodic disturbance of outer heat flux and step disturbance of heat consumption of electrical equipment when a satellite in the orbit.Result shows that,the thermal control strategy with combination of mechanical pump and self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax can realize the precise thermal controlof loop,which not only take the advantages of self-driven thermostatic valve to achieve the reliability requirements of the system and reduce energy consumption,but also overcome the disadvantage of self-driven thermostatic valve with sensitive wax,such as temperature limit and steady-state error.