铜催化卤代芳烃氨解反应的研究进展

Progress in Copper-Catalyzed Ammonolysis of Aryl Halide

铜催化卤代芳烃进行氨解反应是构建碳氮键的重要方法。铜作为催化剂不仅便宜、丰富、相对低毒,而且可以通过几个氧化态进行循环催化。配体的发展则扩展了底物的适用范围,提高了官能团的兼容性和反应的选择性,使得该反应成为一种通用的制备芳胺的方法。本文以铜盐催化剂为线索,对该反应机理进行了简介,对近年来铜催化卤代芳烃的氨解反应的研究进展进行了综述和展望,并指出高活性和高选择性的催化体系依然有限,铜催化剂使用量仍然较大,氨和氯代芳烃的使用还不够广泛,而且关于该类反应详细机理的文献报道还缺乏。此外,发展一个新的、高效的和通用的氨解方法仍然显得极为迫切。

It is an important method to form C-N bond by copper-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide. Copper is not only one of the cheapest,most abundant and relatively a less toxic catalyst,but also may be involved in catalytic cycles through several oxidation states. The development of ligands expands the scope of substrates,improves the compatibility of functional groups and reaction selectivity. This reaction has become a versatile method for preparing and producing aromatic amine compounds. Herein the reaction mechanism and the research progress in copper-catalyzed ammonolysis of aryl halide are reviewed and prospected. However,for this reaction,the problems such as limited highly active and selective catalysts,the large amounts of copper catalyst,ammonia and aryl chlorides still not to be widely used,and the detailed reaction mechanism remain to be solved are waited for solve. In addition,developing a new,efficient and versatile ammonolysis method is still exigent.