基于“战略-系统”的特设安全事故应急体系构建

Establishment of the Accident Emergency Procedure System in Special Equipment Safety Based on the “Strategic-System” Thinking

系统全面、科学有效的事故应急体系是特设安全保障的重要防线,是安全科学"三P"原理-事前、事中、事后对策系统的关键要素。本文基于"战略-系统"的理论与方法,构建了特设安全事故应急的"战略思维"和"系统思想"的框架;设计了特设安全事故应急的"战略-系统"模型和应急体系建设模式;深入分析论述了基于"战略-系统"模型六个基本维度-应急管制、应急策划、应急响应、应急能力、应急处置、应急文化,其相对应的事故应急体系十大关键子系统,即:应急体制构建、应急机制运行、应急管制策略、应急功能设置、应急保障系统、应急能力建设、应急响应处置、应急演练系统等。

The accident emergency procedure system with the characteristics of systematic, comprehensive, scientific and effective is the important line of special equipment safety. It is also the key factor of strategy system based on the safety science principle of＂3P＂ and aimed at before, during and after accident. In this paper, the theory and method of ＂strategy-system＂ was applied. The frameworks of special equipment safety accident emergency procedure correspondingly derived from system thought and the strategy thinking were built. The ＂strategy - system＂ model and its fixed construction mode of special equipment safety accident emergency procedure system were designed. The contents of six basic dimensions of the ＂strategy - system＂ model were analyzed and discussed in-depth, which includes emergency regulation, emergency planning, emergency response, emergency capability, emergency measure and emergency culture. Accordingly, we investigated ten key sub-systems of special equipment safety accident emergency procedure system consist of establishment, operational mode, control policy, function set, support system, capability system construction, response disposal process, drill system structure were investigated and described.