民事程序权利救济机制的建构原理初探

Exploring the Construction Theories of Civil Procedural Rights Relief Mechanisms

民事程序权利的充分实现离不开救济机制的相应保障,通过比较诉讼程序、非讼程序、执行程序中权利救济机制的不同配置方案,能够提炼出程序类型及其主要功能与救济机制之间的关系原理;通过比较同一程序场域中不同权利所对应的不同救济机制,能够提炼出救济方式和救济力度与权利之重要性程度之间的关系原理;通过拓展程序价值目标与救济机制选择之间的关系原理,能够提炼出建构救济机制所需遵循的基本原则。藉此,应当以适度救济原则、必要性原则、比例性原则、及时救济原则、平等救济原则等为指引理念,依循救济机制与程序类型、救济机制与权利性质之间的关系原理,分别从理念、规范和实践三个层面对我国民事程序权利救济机制体系及其内外部关系,予以系统性、全面性的矫正和优化。

Fulfillment of civil procedural rights depends on corresponding relief mechanisms.Through comparing the different schemes in contentious procedure,non-contentious procedure and enforcement procedure,the relationship between procedure style and relief mechanism could be abstracted.Through comparing different relief mechanisms in the same procedure,the relationship between relief pattern and the importance of rights can be refined.Through developing the relationship between procedural value goal and the choice of relief mechanisms,the fundamental principle of relief mechanism construction could be found.Thereby,the principles of appropriate relief,necessity,proportionality,timely relief and equal relief should be taken as the guiding ideas.Besides,we should follow the relationship between relief mechanism and procedure style,relief mechanism and property of rights,to refine the system of civil procedural rights relief mechanisms and its internal and external relationship.