权利创设还是法益扩张——论我国保障环境权的路径选择

Creating Legal Right or Expanding Legal Interest:On the Path Selection to Guarantee Environment Right in China

《中华人民共和国宪法》或《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是否应当确认环境权?这是一个值得深思的问题。以立法确认环境权,将面临认知障碍和实施障碍。国内外法律实践表明,法律保护环境利益的因应之道或可考虑:警惕以建构理性创制环境权的危险,以宪法强调环境保护政策目标,以可操作的实体规范替代权利话语,同时适当扩大可诉的环境利益。

Should the right to environment be confirmed in the Constitutional Law or in the Environmental Protection Law of China？ Once the right is confirmed in the Law,there are such problems to be faced as how to cognize it and how to implement it. Domestic and international legal practice indicate that the legal protection of environmental rights should include,but are not to be limited to the following three ways： emphasizing on the policy objectives of environmental protection in the constitutional law,replacing the words of ″the right to environment″with substance rules,as well as the method of judicial interpretation.