修复、矫治与分控:社区矫正机能三重性辩证及其展开

Restoration,Correction and Branch Control: The Dialectic of the Triplicity of Community Correction Function

社区矫正机能存在矫正理论一元化与实践需求多元化的脱节而亟需辩证更新。传统的教育矫正论有发生学合理性,但效果不彰,并引发公正性危机而引起理论批判。经反思后形成恢复性司法与被害保护需求下的正义修复以及处遇规制化影响下的规范矫治和风险管理推动下的分流监控相结合的复合机能论,该理论对我国社区矫正问题形成借鉴。机能辩证关系中,修复与矫治存在应报与防范的互补,而分控有风险管理的独立意义。在广义的风险语境下,三机能各具特色应当兼顾;而在机能竞争时,根据风险紧迫性形成分控、矫治、修复的先后择序。制度展开中,复合机能对社区矫正关键机制起决定作用,因此,风险评估具有外控内矫的双重目标;禁止令需考虑防范、改善与被害保护的择一或复合标准;中间刑的借鉴基于机能导向,应保证多元方案与动态适用。

There exists dissociation between unitary correction theory and diversified practice demands in community correction function, so the dialectical renewal is needed. Traditional educational correction theory has genetic rationality, but the poor effect and justice crisis evokes theoretical criticism, after the introspection, the justice restoration, norm correction and recombination function theory are formed and become a lesson for Chinese community correction issue. Restoration and correction in the functional dialectical relationship have the complementation of report and precaution. In the context of generalized risk, the prevention character of three functions should be concerned, while during the functional competition, the three functions form the sequence of branch control, correction and restoration. In the system development, the recombination function plays a decisive role in important system of community correction, so risk assessment has dual goals. Injunction should concern standards of prevention, improvement and the protection for victims; the reference of intermediate punishment should guarantee multiple project and dynamic application.