从《金匮要略》教学实例剖析PBL培养中医思维的作用点

Analyzing the Action Points about PBL Training TCM Thinking from Teaching Examples of Jinkui Yaolue

培养中医思维方法是《金匮要略》教学终极教学目的。传统的LBL教学法不利于形成学生中医临床思维,PBL教学法有利于培养学生自主学习的能力及形成解决问题的技能,对临床思维和技能的培养甚有意义。通过2012—2015《金匮要略》PBL教学实践,发现PBL教学能在辨病→辨证→确立治法→组方用药→治疗后病情变化分析及随证施治等多作用点促进中医思维的形成,是提高《金匮要略》教学效果的有效方法;但对合理运用四诊及提炼问诊资料的思维能力培养显欠缺,有待改良。

Training TCM thinking methods is the final teaching purpose of Jinkui Yaolue teaching. Traditional LBL teaching method is unfavorable to forming students＇ TCM clinical thinking, while PBL teaching method is favorable to forming the abilities of students＇ autonomous learning and problem solving, so PBL is important to training clinical thinking and skills. After PBL teaching practices in Jinkui Yaolue from 2012 to 2015, the results showed that PBL teaching method can promote the forming of TCM thinking from multi-action points such as disease differentiation, syndrome differentiation, setting therapy methods, analyzing the changes of patients＇ conditions after treatment, how to treat patients along with syndromes＇ change, and so on. PBL teaching is an effective way in improving teaching effect of Jinkui Yaolue, but it is deficient in training the abilities of using the four methods of diagnosis reasonably and refining the interrogation＇s datas, which needs to be improved.