皮层下失语的语言特点及与病灶部位关系的研究

Relationship between language characteristics of subcortical aphasia and the lesion sites

目的 :研究皮层下失语的语言特点及与病灶部位的关系。方法 :选择经颅脑CT扫描证实为单侧皮层下病变患者 1 0 5例 ,在发病 2周、1月及 2月分别进行失语症检查。同时 ,进行脑电地形图 (BEAM)及CT图象标准化处理。结果 :皮层下失语患者病灶多在基底节区外侧部、前部、上部及丘脑。基底节区外侧部及丘脑性失语者BEAM皮层慢波功率增高 ,且此类患者多有较重的听理解障碍 ,而尾状核受损者失语中有明显的构音障碍及音韵障碍。结论 :皮层下失语有其语言特点 ,导致失语的原因多与皮层下病变直接或间接影响皮层语言区有关 ,但丘脑可作为皮层下语言中枢 。

AIM: To study the language characteristics and origins of subcortical aphasia. METHODS: One hundred and five patients with unilateral subcortical lesions were confirmed by CT scans. Aphasia examinations, brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) and CT image standardization were performed at the end of two weeks, one month and two months after onset. RESULTS: Most aphasia patients had lesions in the lateral, front and upper part of basal ganglion. BEAM is largely abnormal in the aphasia patients of lateral type and thalamic aphasia who had serious auditory comprehension disturbance. Prominent dysarthria and dysprosody occurred in aphasia patients with lesions in caudate nucleus. CONCLUSION: Subcortical aphasia has its language characteristics. It is mostly due to the damage of language related zone of hemisphere caused directly or indirectly by subcortical lesions. Thalamus serves as a subcortical center in controlling language and its disturbance causes aphasia in some patients.