明代的内市与灯市

The Inner Market and Lantern Market in Ming Dynasty

内市与灯市,是明代分别设置在东安门内外的商品交易市场。由于地理位置特殊,内市对宫廷存在安全隐患,灯市对京城民间风气具有导向作用。明代中期开始,明廷曾就内市的罢留、灯市的兴废问题展开讨论,最终因各方利益牵制未遭废弃,而是随着朝廷控制力松弛与遍及全国的商品经济潮流,不断发展繁荣。明代晚期政局动荡,内市被迁至皇城外,与灯市位置重合。内市与灯市是明代距离宫禁最近的商品交易市场,作为宫廷内外互通有无、信息交换的渠道与各阶层之间沟通的桥梁,发挥过一定的作用,其繁荣也是明朝经济与社会状况的直接体现,在京城诸多市集中,处于特殊地位。

There were inner market and lantern market setting nearby DongAnMen in Ming dyansty. After the mid Ming Dynasty, both were prosperous and developed rapidly, although they contained potential problems by reason of special geographical position. Because of political disorder, Inner market was finally relocated in the outside of imperial city in late Ming dynasty and merged with lantern market. As channel of the inside and outside of Forbidden City and the bridge between different social strata, Inner market and lantern market represented the economic and social situation of the country and were in the special position during numerous market in Beijing.