南海中南部海域鸢乌贼甲醛本底质量分数调查分析

Endogenous formaldehyde concentration of purpleback flying squid in the central and southern South China Sea

分析采自南海中南部海域40个站点的鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）头部、胴体、内脏的内源性甲醛质量分数,探讨了影响南海鸢乌贼甲醛质量分数的因素,并与其他头足类海洋生物的甲醛质量分数进行对比。结果表明,南海鸢乌贼内脏部分甲醛质量分数最高,平均值达到93.21 mg·kg^-1,头部和胴体甲醛质量分数次之,分别为29.63 mg·kg^-1和25.69 mg·kg^-1,头部和胴体的内源性甲醛质量分数没有显著差异（P〉0.05）。不同体长以及不同捕获区域的鸢乌贼头部、胴体和内脏的甲醛质量分数没有显著差异,但捕获于春夏季的鸢乌贼胴体（25.82 mg·kg^-1和23.26 mg·kg^-1）和内脏（69.43 mg·kg^-1和123.74 mg·kg^-1）的甲醛质量分数要高于捕获于秋季的鸢乌贼胴体（5.13 mg·kg^-1,P〈0.05）和内脏（18.15 mg·kg^-1,P〈0.05）的甲醛质量分数。和其他头足类的内源性甲醛相比,南海鸢乌贼胴体部位的内源性甲醛质量分数较高（25.69 mg·kg^-1）,高于其他种类鱿鱼胴体部位的游离甲醛和游离及可逆结合型甲醛质量分数（1.09-27.06 mg·kg^-1）。根据美国环境保护署规定的每日甲醛最大摄入量0.2 mg·kg^-1计算,一个体质量为60 kg的成年人每日食用南海鸢乌贼胴体的最大量约为467 g。另外,在南海鸢乌贼的后续加工过程中,较高的内源性甲醛质量分数应予以重视。

We analyzed the formaldehyde（ FA） concentration in the head,mantle and viscera of purpleback flying squid（ Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis） from the central and southern South China Sea. Results show that the viscera had the highest concentration of endogenous FA（ average： 93. 21 mg·kg^-1）; the head and mantle had similar concentrations of FA,with an average of 29. 63 mg·kg^-1and 25. 69mg·kg^-1,respectively. Significant difference was not found among the squids of various mantle lengths and those caught from different capturing areas（ P〉0. 05）. However,the FA concentrations in the mantle of squids captured in spring and summer（ 25. 82 mg·kg^-1and 23. 26 mg·kg^-1） and viscera（ 69. 43 mg·kg^-1and 123. 74 mg·kg^-1） were higher than those captured in autumn（ 5. 13 mg·kg^-1in mantle,18. 15 mg·kg^-1in viscera,P〈0. 05）. Compared with other species of the cephalopods family,the purpleback flying squid had relatively lower FA concentration in the viscera,but higher in the mantle（ 25. 69 mg·kg^-1）,higher than free FA and free and reversible bound FA（ 1. 09 - 27. 06 mg·kg^-1） in mantles of other types of squid. According to the maximum daily dose reference of 0. 2 mg·kg^-1ofFA suggested by US Environmental Protection Agency,the maximum daily consumption of S. oualaniensis for a man of 60 kg is 467 g. The relatively high FA concentration should be attached great importance to during further processing.