西藏粒用型饲料玉米农艺性状与产量间的关系研究

Relationship between agronomic characters and yield of grain forage maize in Tibet

为明确影响单株籽粒产量形成的主要因素,为西藏玉米的引种、育种及其相应栽培技术措施的研究提供理论依据,对粒用型饲料玉米的15个农艺性状与单株籽粒产量进行相关分析、回归分析、通径分析等多重分析。结果表明:影响单株籽粒产量的主要因素为玉米产量构成因素,依据其对单株籽粒产量的影响从大到小排列依次为百粒重>单株穗数>穗行数>行粒数;产量构成因素的协调发展是玉米高产的基础;西藏高产型粒用饲料玉米的外部形态应具备株高中等、茎秆粗壮、穗多、穗大、穗重、籽粒饱满等特征。

In order to determine the main factors affecting the grain yield per plant,and provide academic evidence for introduction,breeding and cultivation of grain forage maize in Tibet,authors investigated the agronomic characters of grain forage maize,conducted correlation analysis,regression analysis and path analysis to study the relationship between 15 agronomic characters and grain yield per plant. The results showed that the main factors influencing yield per plant of maize were yield components,the major determining factors of yield per plant were 100-seed weight,panicles per plant,ear row and number of kernels per row. Coordinated development of yield components was the basis for high yield of maize. The external morphology of high yield grain forage maize in Tibet should have the characteristics of middle plant height,high weight per stem,more ears,big ear,weight ear,grain plumpness etc.