江苏省居民慢性病预防素养及影响因素研究

Chronic Disease Prevention Literacy of Residents in Jiangsu Province and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解江苏省居民的慢性病预防素养,并探讨其影响因素和健康素养中其他5类健康问题对慢性病预防的作用方式。方法本研究资料来源于2013年10—11月,由江苏省疾病预防控制中心进行的江苏省居民健康素养调查,调查对象为14 241名江苏省常住居民。采用多元线性逐步回归分析探讨一般人口学资料和健康素养中其他5类健康问题对慢性病预防素养的影响,采用路径分析探讨其他5类健康问题对慢性病预防的作用方式。结果 14 241名居民的慢性病预防得分中位数为11(6)分。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,地区、文化程度、慢性病患病情况、科学健康观得分、传染病预防得分、安全与急救得分、基本医疗得分及信息获取得分对慢性病预防得分的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。路径分析的结构方程模型显示,5类健康问题对慢性病预防均有直接的正向作用,作用由大到小分别为信息获取、科学健康观、传染病预防、安全与急救、基本医疗;且科学健康观、传染病预防、安全与急救可通过信息获取对其产生间接作用,传染病预防和信息获取可通过基本医疗对其产生间接作用。结论江苏省居民的慢性病预防素养水平较低,地区、文化程度、慢性病患病情况、健康素养中的其他5类健康问题是其影响因素。其他5类健康问题均可直接或间接地作用于慢性病预防,提高居民的多方面健康素养水平,有助于其慢性病的防治。

Objective To investigate the chronic disease prevention literacy of residents in Jiangsu Province and explore its influencing factors and the working mechanism of other 5 categories of health problems in health literacy. Methods The data of this study was obtained from the survey of health literacy conducted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province from October to November,2013. The respondents of this survey were 14 241 permanent residents of Jiangsu Province. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of general demographic data and other 5categories of health problems in health literacy,and path analysis was undertaken to find out the working mechanism of the 5categories of health problems on chronic disease prevention. Results The median score of chronic disease prevention of the14 241 residents was 11（ 6）. The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that region,education level,chronic disease condition,the score of scientific view of health,the score of the prevention of infectious diseases,the score of safety and first aid,the score of basic medical care and the score of information acquisition had significant influence on the score of chronic disease prevention（ P〈0. 05）. The structural equation model of path analysis showed that the 5 categories of health problems played positive roles in chronic disease prevention, and the 5 categories can be ranked in a descending order as information acquisition,scientific view of health,the prevention of infectious diseases,safety and first aid and basic medical care; scientific view of health, the prevention of infectious diseases and safety and first aid exerted influence indirectly through information acquisition,and the prevention of infectious diseases and information acquisition exerted influence indirectly through basic medical care. Conclusion The residents in Jiangsu Province have a low level of chronic disease prevention literacy. Region,education level,chronic disease condition and other 5 categories of health problems are the influencing factors. The 5 categories of health problems could directly or indirectly influence chronic disease prevention, improve residents＇ health literacy in many aspects and contribute to chronic disease prevention.