肿瘤放射治疗增敏剂研究进展

Progress of research on tumor radiotherapy sensitization agent

影响肿瘤放射治疗的因素包括肿瘤细胞乏氧、放射损伤修复、细胞周期的不同时相、肿瘤放射治疗抵抗基因的表达、相关放射治疗抵抗信号通路的激活、在肿瘤组织中聚集不明显等。目前肿瘤放射治疗增敏剂的研究主要着眼于以上因素,研制了包括亲电子含氮杂环类、环氧化酶-2抑制剂、相关信号通路抑制剂等在内的化合物。更值得一提的是,纳米结构的放疗增敏剂能够在肿瘤组织中特异性聚集,提高了放疗的敏感度,同时可以监测放疗的局部剂量。本文从影响放射敏感性的因素入手,详述各种放疗增敏剂的主要作用机制、实验及临床研究进展和趋势。

Factors that affect tumor radiation therapy include oxygen deficit, damage repair after radiation, different phases of cell cycle, expression of resistant gene of radiotherapy, activation of signal channel related to radiation thera- py and so on. The sensitizers on the research of radiotherapy has been developed, electrophilic nitrogenous heterocycle, inhibitor of cycloxygenase-2. Moreover, radiotherapy sensitization agent of nanostructures can gather in the tumor tissue specifically, improving the sensitivity of radiation therapy, as well as monitoring local dose of radiation. The main mechanism, progress of experimental and clinical research and trend of development from the influence factors of radio- therapy sensibility were expounded in this review.