食物在童谣文本中的存在形态及其表达功能——以吉林、黑龙江、辽宁、河北、北京五省市童谣为例

The Existing Forms and Expressive Functions of the Food in Nursery Texts——Focus on the Texts from Province Jilin,Liaoning,Heilongjiang,Hebei and Peking

食物在童谣文本中呈现出鲜活立体的情状,发挥不同的表达功能。本文在借鉴外域饮食文化学和儿童文学的研究成果基础之上,以吉林等五省市的童谣为文本依据,通过文本分析,认为在童谣中食物既是无实在意义的语音符号,又是重要的文学表达媒介。食物作为童谣文本的修辞手法、表现手法、结构线索,增强了文本的表现力;也被用作符号来衡量民众的物质生活水平的高低和人际关系的和谐与否,并被赋予了一定的伦理内涵、象征人的德行。

There are kinds of existing forms of food in nursery rhymes,and these forms have a variety of expressive functions.It was found that food is used as phonetic symbols and vehicles of literary expression in texts of nursery rhymes.It makes nursery rhymes more expressive when food is used as rhetorical devices,plots of structure,and so on.Moreover,food is endowed some special ethical meanings.