面向事件监测的无线传感器网络突发数据拥塞控制协议

Wireless Sensor Networks for Event Monitoring Burstiness-data Congestion Control Protocol

针对基于竞争的CSMA/CA信道接入方式无法适应高负载网络下数据流传输,容易形成较为严重的短时区域拥塞问题,提出了一种面向事件监测无线传感器网络突发数据拥塞控制协议BCCP,将节点由于竞争退避引起的时延作为拥塞检测的依据,利用TDMA适用于高负载的优点,在拥塞区域节点嵌入TDMA调度算法,拥塞减轻或消除后恢复CSMA/CA机制。BCCP实现简单、开销小。仿真测试结果表明,BCCP能够很好的解决突发数据造成的网络拥塞,降低数据传输时延及丢包率,提高数据传输的可靠性。

To deal with the serious temporary network area congestion due to the previous CSMA/CA-based media access scheme is not suitable under the heavy network, due to the serious collision and the occurrence of event, a burstiness-data congestion control protocol （BCCP） is proposed for event monitoring in wireless sensor networks. In this thesis, the congestion detection is based on the node backoff delay due to competition, and TDMA is suitable under the heavy network. A TDMA-based media access scheme is used around the congestion area to avoid disorder contention when congestion occurs. As soon as the congestion is alleviated, the previous CSMA/CA-based scheme is active again. The experiment results show that BCCP has a characteristics of simple and low cost, can alleviate wireless sensor network congestion caused by burstiness-data, and reduce the data transmission delay and packet loss rate, and improve the reliability of data transmission.