从区际惯例到区际协定:对台渔工权益救济模式之法律定性——兼议两岸渔工协议实施的司法保障

From interregional practices to interregional agreement:legal determination of the relief pattern of the mainland fishermen working on the fishing boats of the Taiwan region——including the discussion on the judicial protection for the implementation of t

两岸民间渔业对口机构自2006年以来协议形成的对台渔工权益救济模式,已经日后的《海峡两岸渔船船员劳务合作协议》加以确认与延续。两岸协议将渔工在受雇期间因意外事故而死亡、失踪或伤残等转化为人身意外保险责任,实际上排除了雇主无过错责任之归责原则的适用。两岸之间的这种渔工权益救济模式从区际惯例到区际协定一路演变,司法个案依法均应优先予以适用,以切实保障两岸协议的有效实施。

The mainland fishermen＇ s relief pattern as formed by the corresponding agencies of folk fisheries on both sides of the Taiwan Strait since 2006, has been confirmed and continued in the latest cross-strait agreement on the cooperation of the mainland fishermen＇ s labor service. This pattern converts the fishermen＇ s accidental death, missing, or disability during the employment to personal accident insurance liability, and actually rules out the application of employer＇ s imputation principle of no fault liability. Although the relief pattern has evolved from interregional practices to interregional agreement, it should yet be preferentially adopted in the judicial practice in accordance with the law, so as to ensure the effective implementation of the cross-strait agreement.