岛屿型旅游目的地社会生态系统演变及可持续发展研究——以三亚西岛为例

A CASE STUDY ON SANYA'S XI ISLAND: SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM EVOLUTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAND TOURISM DESTINATION

以西岛为例构建分析框架,从生态系统、用户、资源单位、资源系统、管理系统、社会经济政治背景等对岛屿型旅游目的地社会生态系统结构和功能进行分析,研究政府主导开发下岛屿社会生态系统的演变特征和可持续发展。认为政府主导下西岛社会生态系统开发存在如下问题:1)政府干预过度,顶层设计存在缺陷;2)用户之间利益冲突剧烈,共同愿景难以达成;3)资源系统和生态系统遭受破坏,可持续发展受到威胁;4)管理系统不健全,景区规划、建设、运营和管理力度不足;5)系统运行效益低下,结构和功能僵化。最后提出西岛社会生态系统可持续发展对策:1)统一规划,整体开发;2)协调用户关系,融合发展;3)完善管理系统,构建景区—社区协调管理机制;4)发挥资源优势,开展生态旅游、文化旅游和度假旅游;5)注重民生,提升市民生活质量、文化素质、环保意识和职业技能;6)完善基础设施,加强生态环境保护。

This paper,based a case study on Xi island,analyzes social ecological system＇s structure and functions of island tourism destination from ecology,users,resource unit,resource system,management,and social-economicpolitical background,and studies its evolutional characters and sustainable development led by government. Issues exist in this mode,governmental over involvement,conflicts among users＇ benefits,harming resources and ecological system,poor management,and less efficient operation. This paper presents approaches to Xi Island＇s sustainabledevelopment in its ecological system,including overall planning,coordinating,managing,ecological-cultural-leisure tourism,civil living quality and infrastructural construction and eco-environmental protection.