身体成分研究的10大问题

Top 10 Research Questions Related to Body Composition

理解身体成分对于理解人体健康、疾病和功能至关重要。身体成分的研究集中在评估方法的改进、对随着生长发育和老龄化身体成分正常变化的描述以及由于疾病和计划性干预带来的身体成分的变化。每个关注点都很重要,从某种意义上来说,它们是相互依赖的。因为技术的进步使得更多复杂的问题被解决,反过来也推动研究方法的更好发展。尽管基础性的问题仍然存在,但每个领域里都有了明显进步。例如:生长发育的轨迹往往用横断面数据进行评估,考虑到也需要长期观察性资料,因此,也需要纵向描述性数据。随着实验室方法的改进,场地测试方法的发展对于筛选受试者和临床实践仍然具有重要意义。尽管已经认识到了干预应答存在广泛个体差异,但结果的均值仍然受到重视。随着技术的进步,可以研究引起身体成分变化的遗传和非遗传因素,但这些技术需要先应用于长期、控制严格的试验。在本文中,我们提出了该领域需要进行研究的10大问题,以推动该领域的发展。

An understanding of body composition is crucial to understanding human health,disease,and function.Research in body composition has focused on the development of assessment methods,description of normal changes in body composition with growth and development and aging,and the changes that occur in body composition in response to challenges ranging from illness to planned interventions. Each focus is significant,and in a sense,they are interdependent,because technological advances allow more sophisticated questions to be addressed,which in turn drives the development of better methods. Significant advances have been made in each area,although perhaps surprisingly basic questions remain. For example,growth trajectories are often estimated from cross-sectional data,given the resources needed for long-term observational studies,and thus,longitudinal descriptive data are still needed. Along with advances in laboratory methods,development of field methods remains relevant for screening and clinical practice. Despite recognition of wide interindividual differences in intervention response,average outcomes continue to be emphasized. With technological advances,it is now possible to examine genetic along with nongenetic factors that underlie changes in body composition,and these techniques need to be applied in long-term,wellcontrolled trials. In this article,we review 10 key questions in related areas in which research is needed to continue to advance the field.